Banned Drugs: A Review

 

D. Sunitha1*, K. Hemalatha2, M. Sudhakar1

1Malla Reddy College of Pharmacy (Osmania University), Maisammaguda, Hyderabad, Telangana.

2Acharya B. M. Reddy College of Pharmacy, Bangalore, Karnataka.

*Corresponding Author E-mail:

 

ABSTRACT:

Drugs are made to save lives and not cause deaths. Every drug has some side effect if the dose of the drug is correct, then it can be avoided. Some drugs side/ adverse effects can be reduced by another drug. Hence, doctor prescribed medication is safer then self medication. Banned drugs have more adverse/ side effects. Doctors should stop prescribing banned drugs and due to less demand manufacturer will not produce such drugs. As well as the government should make strict laws against the peoples involved in manufacturing and selling of banned drugs. Government should be ordered to dump these cheap drugs in proper manner. And also, India’s pharmacovigilance effort has to be scaled up rapidly. People should say stop selling banned drugs.

 

KEY WORDS: Banned drugs, market, committee, chemicals, Illegal drugs.

 

 


INTRODUCTION:

Drugs or medicines may be withdrawn from commercial markets because of risks to patients, but also because of commercial reasons (e.g. lack of demand and relatively high production costs). Where risks or harms is the reason for withdrawal, this will usually have been prompted by unexpected adverse effects that were not detected during Phase III clinical trials, i.e. they were only made apparent from post marketing surveillance data collected from the wider community over longer periods of time.

Drugs are chemicals that change the way a person's body works. If you are sick and had to take drug prescribed by doctor, it will make you get well soon.  Medicines are legal drugs, meaning doctors are allowed to prescribe them for patients, stores can sell them, and people are allowed to buy them. But it's not legal, or safe, for people to use these medicines any way they want or to buy them from people who are selling them illegally. Illegal drugs aren't good for anyone. These drugs damage the brain, heart, and other important organs. Such illegal drugs should be banned. Drugs have to pass from different phases of clinical trials before they are introduced into the market. Firstly they undergoes animals testing and then in human beings during clinical trials.  During these different phases the efficacy as well as safety profiles of the drug are tested. But yet some adverse effects of drugs appear after their usage in the general population.  Some drugs may cause adverse effects only when combined with particular drugs.  These adverse effects are detected though a process of regular monitoring after the drug is released called pharmacovigilance.  If the adverse effects outweigh the benefits, or if the drug is ineffective, the country may ban the drug and Company recall that batch. Many spurious drugs that have been banned or withdrawn under restrictions in other countries, but  continued to be sold in India. The pharmaceutical companies are playing with the lives of thousands of people who are not aware of the harmful effects of the drugs they sell.  In such cases, a number of single drugs as well as fixed dose combinations have been banned for manufacture, marketing and distribution in India. India is dumping ground for banned drugs. India is one of the few countries that export huge amount of banned drugs to other countries. Due to competition to become rich, many defaulters pharmaceuticals have been set up and growing in every direction. There are poor provision on check and control of spurious drugs in Indian markets. Even a large number of population takes medicine and drugs without prescribing a doctor which can be dangerous. More and more banned medicines are finding their way in India. This list is not limited to drugs that were ever approved by the FDA. Some of them (lumiracoxib, rimonabant, tolrestat, ximelagatran and ximelidine, for example) were approved to be marketed in Europe but had not yet been approved for marketing in the US, when side effects became clear and their developers pulled them from the market. Some drugs in this list (e.g. LSD) were never approved for marketing in the US or Europe.


 

List of the drugs withdrawn from the country in particular year and its adverse effect:

Drug name

Withdrawn

Country

Remarks

Adderall XR

2005

Canada

Risk of stroke [1] The ban was later lifted because the death rate among those taking Adderall XR was determined to be no greater than those not taking Adderall.

Alatrofloxacin

2006

Worldwide

Liver toxicity; serious liver injury leading to liver transplant; death.[2]

Alclofenac

1979

UK

Vasculitis, Rash.[3]

Alpidem (Ananxyl)

1995

Worldwide

Not approved in the US, withdrawn in France in 1994[4] and the rest of the market in 1995 because of rare but serious hepatotoxicity.[3][5]

Alosetron (Lotronex)

2000

US

Serious gastrointestinal adverse events; ischemic colitis; severe constipation.[2] Reintroduced 2002 on a restricted basis

Althesin (=Alphaxolone amineptine + Alphadolone)

1984

France, Germany, UK

Anaphylaxis.[3]

Amineptine (Survector)

1999

France, US

Hepatotoxicity, dermatological side effects, and abuse potential.[6] Reason:

Aminopyrine

1999

France, Thailand

Risk of agranulocytosis; severe acne.[3]

Amobarbital

1980

Norway

Self poisoning.[3]

Amoproxan

1970

France

Dermatologic and ophthalmic toxicity.[3]

Anagestone acetate

1969

Germany

Animal carcinogenicity.[3]

Antrafenine

1984

France

Unspecific experimental toxicity.[3]

Aprotinin (Trasylol)

2008

US

Increased risk of death.[2]

Ardeparin (Normiflo)

2001

US

Not for reasons of safety or efficacy.[7]

Astemizole (Hismanal)

1999

US, Malaysia, Multiple Nonspecified Markets

Fatal arrhythmia[2][3]

Azaribine

1976

US

Thromboembolism.[3]

Bendazac

1993

Spain

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Benoxaprofen

1982

Germany,Spain, UK, US

Liver and kidney failure; gastrointestinal bleeding; ulcers.[2][3]

Benzarone

1992

Germany

Hepatitis.[3]

Benziodarone

1964

France, UK

Jaundice.[3]

Beta-ethoxy-lacetanilanide

1986

Germany

Renal toxicity, animal carcinogenicity.[3]

Bezitramide

2004

Netherlands

Fatal overdose.[8]

Bithionol

1967

US

Dermatologic toxicity.[3]

Broazolam

1989

UK

Animal carcinogenicity.[3]

Bromfenac

1998

US

Severe hepatitis and liver failure (some requiring transplantation).[2]

Bucetin

1986

Germany

Renal toxicity.[3]

Buformin

1978

Germany

Metabolic toxicity.[3]

Bunamiodyl

1963

Canada, UK, US

Nephropathy.[9]

Butamben (Efocaine)(Butoforme)

1964

US

Dermatologic toxicity; psychiatric Reactions.[3]

Canrenone

1986

Germany

Animal Carcinogenicity.[3]

Cerivastatin (Baycol, Lipobay)

2001

US

Risk of rhabdomyolysis[2]

Chlormadinone (Chlormenadione)

1970

UK, US

Animal Carcinogenicity.[3]

Chlormezanone (Trancopal)

1996

European Union, US, South Africa, Japan

Hepatotoxicity; Steven-Johnson Syndrome; Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis.[3]

Chlorphentermine

1969

Germany

Cardiovascular Toxicity.[3]

Cianidanol

1985

France, Germany, Spain, Sweden

Hemolytic Anemia.[3]

Cinepazide

1988

Spain

Agranulocytosis.[10][11]

Cisapride (Propulsid)

2000

US

Risk of fatal cardiac arrhythmias[2]

Clioquinol

1973

France, Germany, UK, US

Neurotoxicity.[3]

Clobutinol

2007

Germany

Ventricular arrhythmia, QT-prolongation.[12]

Cloforex

1969

Germany

Cardiovascular toxicity.[3]

Clomacron

1982

UK

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Clometacin

1987

France

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Co-proxamol (Distalgesic)

2004

UK

Overdose dangers.

Cyclobarbital

1980

Norway

Self poisoning.[3]

Cyclofenil

1987

France

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Dantron

1963

Canada, UK, US

Genotoxicity.[13] withdrawn from general use in UK but permitted in terminal patients

Dexfenfluramine

1997

European Union, UK, US

Cardiac valvular disease.[3]

Propoxyphene (Darvocet/Darvon)

2010

Worldwide

Increased risk of heart attacks and stroke.[14]

Diacetoxydiphenolisatin

1971

Australia

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Diethylstilbestrol

1970s

Risk of teratogenicity[citation needed]

Difemerine

1986

Germany

Multi-Organ toxicities.[3]

Dihydrostreptomycin

1970

US

Neuropsychiatric reaction.[3]

Dilevalol

1990

UK

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Dimazole (Diamthazole)

1972

France, US

Neuropsychiatric reaction.[3]

Dimethylamylamine (DMAA)

1983

US

Voluntarily withdrawn from market by Lily.[15]:12 Reintroduced as a dietary supplement in 2006;[15]:13 and in 2013 the FDA started work to ban it due to cardiovascular problems[16]

Dinoprostone

1990

UK

Uterine hypotonus, fetal distress.[3]

Dipyrone(Metamizole)

1975

UK, US, Others

Agranulocytosis, anaphylactic reactions.[3]

Dithiazanine iodide

1964

France, US

Cardiovascular and metabolic reaction.[3]

Dofetilide

2004

Germany

Drug interactions, prolonged QT.[12]

Drotrecogin alfa (Xigris)

2011

Worldwide

Lack of efficacy as shown by PROWESS-SHOCK study[17][18][19]

Ebrotidine

1998

Spain

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Efalizumab (Raptiva)

2009

Germany

Withdrawn because of increased risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy[12]

Encainide

1991

UK, US

Ventricular arrhythmias.[2][3]

Ethyl carbamate

1963

Canada, UK, US,

Carcinogenicity.[20]

Etretinate

1989

France

Withdrawn US (1999). Risk for birth defects.[2][3]

Exifone

1989

France

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Fen-phen (popular combination of fenfluramine and phentermine)

1997

Cardiotoxicity

Fenclofenac

1984

UK

Cutaneous reactions; animal carcinogenicity.[3]

Fenclozic acid

1970

UK, US

Jaundice, elevated hepatic enzymes.[3]

Fenfluramine

1997

European Union, UK, US, India, South Africa, others

Cardiac valvular disease, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac fibrosis.[3][21]

Fenoterol

1990

New Zealand

Asthma mortality.[3]

Feprazone

1984

Germany, UK

Cutaneous reaction, multiorgan toxicity.[3]

Fipexide

1991

France

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Flosequinan (Manoplax)

1993

UK, US

Increased mortality at higher doses; increased hospitalizations.[2][3]

Flunitrazepam

1991

France

Abuse.[3]

Gatifloxacin

2006

US

Increased risk of dysglycemia.[2]

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg)

2010

US

No improvement in clinical benefit; risk for death.[2]

Glafenine

1984

France, Germany

Anaphylaxis.[3]

Grepafloxacin (Raxar)

1999

Withdrawn Germany, UK, US others

Cardiac repolarization; QT interval prolongation.[2]

Hydromorphone (Palladone, extended release version)

2005

High risk of accidental overdose when extended release version (Palladone) administered with alcohol. Standard hydromorphone is sold in most of the world including the US.

Ibufenac

1968

UK

Hepatotoxicity, jaundice.[3]

Indalpine

1985

France

Agranulocytosis.[3]

Indoprofen

1983

Germany, Spain, UK

Animal carcinogenicity, gastrointestinal toxicity.[3]

Iodinated casein strophantin

1964

US

Metabolic reaction.[3]

Iproniazid

1964

Canada

Interactions with food products containing tyrosine.[22]

Isaxonine phosphate

1984

France

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Isoxicam

1983

France, Germany, Spain, others

Stevens johnson syndrome.[3]

Kava Kava

2002

Germany

Hepatotoxicity.[12]

Ketorolac

1993

France, Germany, others

Hemorrhage, renal Failure.[3]

L-tryptophan

1989

Germany, UK

Eosinophilic myalgia syndrome.[3] Still sold in the US

Levamisole (Ergamisol)

1999

US

Still used as veterinary drug and as a human antihelminthic in many markets; listed on the WHO List of Essential Medicines. In humans, it was used to treat melanoma before it was withdrawn for agranulocytosis.[23][24][25]

Levomethadyl acetate

2003

US

Cardiac arrhythmias and cardiac arrest.[2]

Lumiracoxib (Prexige)

2007–2008

Worldwide

Liver damage

Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD)

1950s–1960s

Marketed as a psychiatric drug; withdrawn after it became widely used recreationally. Now illegal in most of the world.

Mebanazine

1975

UK

Hepatotoxicity, drug intereaction.[3]

Methandrostenolone

1982

France, Germany, UK, US, others

Off-label abuse.[3]

Methapyrilene

1979

Germany, UK, US

Animal carcinogenicity.[3]

Methaqualone

1984

South Africa (1971), India (1984), United Nations (1971-1988)

Withdrawn because of risk of addiction and overdose[26][27]

Metipranolol

1990

UK, others

Uveitis.[3]

Metofoline

1965

US

Unspecific experimental toxicity.[3]

Mibefradil

1998

European Union, Malaysia, US, others

Fatal arrhythmia, drug interactions.[2][3]

Minaprine

1996

France

Convulsions.[3]

Moxisylyte

1993

France

Necrotic hepatitis.[3]

Muzolimine

1987

France, Germany, European Union

Polyneuropathy.[3]

Natalizumab (Tysabri)

2005–2006

US

Voluntarily withdrawn from US market because of risk of Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Returned to market July, 2006.

Nefazodone

2007

US, Canada, others

Branded version withdrawn by originator in several countries in 2007 for hepatotoxicity. Generic versions available.[28]

Nialamide

1974

UK, US

Hepatotoxicity, drug intereaction.[3]

Nikethamide

1988

multiple markets

CNS Stimulation.[3]

Nitrefazole

1984

Germany

Hepatic and hematologic toxicity.[3]

Nomifensine

1981-1986

France, Germany, Spain, UK, US, others

Hemolytic Anemia, hepatotoxicity, serious hypersensitive reactions.[2][3]

Oxeladin

1976

Canada, UK, US (1976)

Carcinogenicity.[29]

Oxyphenbutazone

1984-1985

UK, US, Germany, France, Canada

Bone marrow suppression, Steven Johnson Syndrome.[3][30]

Oxyphenisatin (Phenisatin)

Australia, France, Germany, UK, US

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Ozogamicin

2010

US

No improvement in clinical benefit; risk for death; veno-occlusive disease.[2]

Pemoline (Cylert)

1997

Canada, UK

Withdrawn from US in 2005. Hepatotoxicity[31] Reason:hepatotoxicity.[3]

Pentobarbital

1980

Norway

Self poisoning.[3]

Pentylenetetrazol

1982

Withdrawn for inability to produce effective convulsive therapy, and for causing seizures.

Pergolide (Permax)

2007

US

Risk for heart valve damage.[2]

Perhexilene

1985

UK, Spain

Neurologic and hepatic toxicity.[3]

Phenacetin

1975

Canada

An ingredient in "A.P.C." tablet; withdrawn because of risk of cancer and kidney disease[32] Germany Denmark, UK, US, others Reason: nephropathy.[3]

Phenformin and Buformin

1977

France, Germany US

Severe lactic acidosis[3]

Phenolphthalein

1997

US

Carcinogenicity.[33]

Phenoxypropazine

1966

UK

Hepatotoxicity, drug intereaction.[3]

Phenylbutazone

1985

Germany

Off-label abuse, hematologic toxicity.[3]

Phenylpropanolamine(Propagest, Dexatrim)

2000

Canada, US

Hemorrhagic stroke.[34][35]

Pifoxime (=Pixifenide)

1976

France

Neuropsychiatric reaction.[3]

Pirprofen

1990

France, Germany, Spain

Liver toxicity.[3][36]:223

Prenylamine

1988

Canada, France, Germany, UK, US, others

Cardiac arrythmia[37] and death.[3]

Proglumide

1989

Germany

Respiratory reaction.[3]

Pronethalol

1965

UK

Animal carcinogenicity.[3]

Propanidid

1983

UK

Allergy.[3]

Proxibarbal

1998

Spain, France, Italy, Portugal, Turkey

Immunoallergic, thrombocytopenia.[3]

Pyrovalerone

1979

France

Abuse.[3]

Rapacuronium (Raplon)

2001

US, multiple markets

Withdrawn in many countries because of risk of fatal bronchospasm[2]

Remoxipride

1993

UK, others

Aplastic anemia.[3]

Rimonabant (Acomplia)

2008

Worldwide

Risk of severe depression and suicide[12]

Rofecoxib (Vioxx)

2004

Worldwide

withdrawn by MAH. Risk of myocardial infarction and stroke[2]

Rosiglitazone (Avandia)

2010

Europe

Risk of heart attacks and death. This drug continues to be available in the US

Secobarbital

France, Norway, others.

Self poisoning.[3]

Sertindole

1998

European Union

Arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death[3][38]

Sibutramine (Reductil/Meridia)

2010

Australia,[39] Canada,[40] China,[41] the European Union (EU),[42] Hong Kong,[43] India,[44] Mexico, New Zealand,[45] the Philippines,[46] Thailand,[47] United Kingdom,[48] and United States[49]

Increased risk of heart attack and stroke.[2]

Sitaxentan

2010

Germany

Hepatotoxicity.[12]

Sorivudine

1993

Japan

Drug interaction and deaths.[50]

Sparfloxacin

2001

US

QT prolongation and phototoxicity.[2]

Sulfacarbamide

1988

Germany

Dermatologic, hematologic and hepatic reactions .[3]

Sulfamethoxydiazine

1988

Germany

Unknown.[3]

Sulfamethoxypyridazine

1986

UK

Dermatologic and hematologic reactions.[3]

Suloctidyl

1985

Germany, France, Spain

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Suprofen

1986-1987

UK, Spain, US

Flank pain, decreased kidney function.[2][3]

Tegaserod (Zelnorm)

2007

US

Risk for heart attack, stroke, and unstable angina.[2] Was available through a restricted access program until April 2008.

Temafloxacin

1992

Germany, UK, US, others

Low blood sugar; hemolytic anemia; kidney, liver dysfunction; allergic reactions[2][3]

Temafloxacin

1992

US

Allergic reactions and cases of hemolytic anemia, leading to three patient deaths.[2]

Temazepam (Restoril, Euhypnos, Normison, Remestan, Tenox, Norkotral)

1999

Sweden, Norway

Diversion, abuse, and a relatively high rate of overdose deaths in comparison to other drugs of its group. This drug continues to be available in most of the world including the US, but under strict controls.

Terfenadine (Seldane, Triludan)

1997-1998

France, South Africa, Oman, others, US

Prolonged QT interval; ventricular tachycardia[2][3]

Terodiline (Micturin)

1991

Germany, UK, Spain, others

Prolonged QT interval, ventricular tachycardia and arrhythmia.[3]

Tetrazepam

2013

European Union

Serious cutaneous reactions.[51]

Thalidomide

1961

Germany

Withdrawn because of risk of teratogenicity;[52] returned to market for use in leprosy and multiple myeloma under FDA orphan drug rules

Thenalidine

1960

Canada, UK, US

Neutropenia[3][53]

Thiobutabarbitone

1993

Germany

Renal insufficiency.[3]

Thioridazine (Melleril)

2005

Germany, UK

Withdrawn worldwide due to severe cardiac arrhythmias[54][55]

Ticrynafen(Tienilic acid)

1980

Germany, France, UK, US others

Liver toxicity and death.[3]

Tolcapone (Tasmar)

1998

European Union, Canada, Australia

Hepatotoxicity[3]

Tolrestat (Alredase)

1996

Argentina, Canada, Italy, others

Severe hepatotoxicity[3]

Triacetyldiphenolisatin

1971

Australia

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Triazolam

1991

France, Netherlands, Finland, Argentina, UK others

Psychiatric adverse drug reactions, amnesia.[3][56]

Triparanol

1962

France, US

Cataracts, alopecia, ichthyosis.[3]

Troglitazone (Rezulin)

2000

US, Germany

Hepatotoxicity[2]

Trovafloxacin (Trovan)

1999-2001

European Union, US

Withdrawn because of risk of liver failure[2][3]

Valdecoxib (Bextra)

2004

US

Risk of heart attack and stroke.[2]

Vincamine

1987

Germany

Hematologic toxicity.[3]

Xenazoic acid

1965

France

Hepatotoxicity.[3]

Ximelagatran (Exanta)

2006

Germany

Hepatotoxicity[12]

Zimelidine

1983

Worldwide

Risk of Guillain-Barré syndrome, hypersensitivity reaction, hepatotoxicity[3][57][58] banned worldwide.[59]

Zomepirac

1983

UK, Germany, Spain, US

Anaphylactic reactions and non-fatal allergic reactions, renal failure[2][3]

 


The government has decided to prohibit manufacturing and sale of these medicines because they were found to be "irrational" without any therapeutic efficacy and use. Also, in some cases, there were concerns about misuse of such medicines considered unsafe for mass consumption. The health ministry has approved the ban order with immediate effect. A fixed dose combination (FDC) is one that contains two or more drugs combined in a fixed ratio of doses and available in a single dosage form. Health Ministry has to release list of all banned drugs and it should be available easily to all outlets, all media, newspapers including local language newspaper also explore all names of the drugs banned. Health experts say many unapproved formulations and FDCs are sold in India. Most of these medicines are in the analgesics, anti-depressant and psychotic condition segment. Industry estimates suggest the move is likely to impact pharmaceutical sales to the tune of around Rs 1,500 crore. A study published in 2015 in journal PLOS Medicine pointed that over 12% of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory FDCs contain drugs that have either been withdrawn from the market or have had their use restricted. For ensuring safety and efficacy of medicines, the health ministry has banned around 350 fixed dose combination (FDC) drugs that were widely available in the market till now. These medicines include FDCs based on codeine, used in popular cough syrups like Phensedyl and Corex.

 

Complete New List of Banned Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) Drugs 2016:

·        FDC of Aceclofenac + Paracetamol + Rabeprazole

·        Nimesulide + Diclofenac

·        Nimesulide + Cetirizine + Caffeine

·        Nimesulide + Tizanidine

·        Paracetamol + Cetirizine + Caffeine

·        Diclofenac + Tramadol + Chlorzoxazone

·        Dicyclomine + Paracetamol + Domperidone

·        Nimesulide + Paracetamol dispersible tablets

·        Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Caffeine

·        Diclofenac + Tramadol + Paracetamol

·        Diclofenac + Paracetamol + Chlorzoxazone + Famotidine

·        Naproxen + Paracetamol

·        Nimesulide + Serratiopeptidase

·        Paracetamol + Diclofenac + Famotidine

·        Nimesulide + Pitofenone + Fenpiverinium + Benzyl Alcohol

·        Omeprazole + Paracetamol + Diclofenac

·        Nimesulide + Paracetamol injection

·        Tamsulosin + Diclofenac

·        Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine + Dextromethorphan + Caffeine

·        Diclofenac + Zinc Carnosine

·        Diclofenac + Paracetamol + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Magnesium Trisilicate

·        Paracetamol + Pseudoephedrine + Cetirizine

·        Phenylbutazone + Sodium Salicylate

·        Lornoxicam + Paracetamol + Trypsin

·        Paracetamol + Mefenamic Acid + Ranitidine + Dicyclomine

·        Nimesulide + Dicyclomine

·        Heparin + Diclofenac

·        Glucosamine + Methylsulfonylmethane + Vitamin D3 + Manganese + Boron + Copper + Zinc

·        Paracetamol + Tapentadol

·        Tranexamic Acid + Proanthocyanidin

·        Benzoxonium Chloride + Lidocaine

·        Lornoxicam + Paracetamol + Tramadol

·        Lornoxicam + Paracetamol + Serratiopeptidase

·        Diclofenac + Paracetamol + Magnesium Trisilicate

·        Paracetamol + Domperidone + Caffeine

·        Ammonium Chloride + Sodium Citrate + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Menthol

·        Paracetamol + Prochlorperazine Maleate

·        Combikit of 3 tablets of Serratiopeptidase (enteric coated 20000 units) + Diclofenac Potassium and 2 tablets of Doxycycline

·        Nimesulide + Paracetamol Suspension

·        Aceclofenac + Paracetamol + Famotidine

·        Aceclofenac + Zinc Carnosine

·        Paracetamol + Disodium Hydrogen Citrate + Caffeine

·        Paracetamol + DL Methionine

·        Disodium Hydrogen Citrate + Paracetamol

·        Paracetamol + Caffeine + Codeine

·        Aceclofenac (SR) + Paracetamol

·        Diclofenac + Paracetamol injection

·        Azithromycin + Cefixime

·        Amoxicillin + Dicloxacillin

·        Amoxicillin 250 mg + Potassium Clavulanate Diluted 62.5 mg

·        Azithromycin + Levofloxacin

·        Cefixime + Linezolid

·        Amoxicillin + Cefixime + Potassium Clavulanic Acid

·        Ofloxacin + Nitazoxanide

·        Cefpodoxime Proxetil + Levofloxacin

·        Combikit of Azithromycin, Secnidazole and Fluconazole

·        Levofloxacin + Ornidazole + Alpha Tocopherol Acetate

·        Nimorazole + Ofloxacin

·        Azithromycin + Ofloxacin

·        Amoxycillin + Tinidazole

·        Doxycycline + Serratiopeptidase

·        Cefixime + Levofloxacin

·        Ofloxacin + Metronidazole + Zinc Acetate

·        Diphenoxylate + Atropine + Furazolidone

·        Combikit of Fluconazole Tablet, Azithromycin Tablet and Ornidazole Tablets

·        Ciprofloxacin + Phenazopyridine

·        Amoxycillin + Dicloxacillin + Serratiopeptidase

·        Combikit of Fluconazole Tablet, Azithromycin Tablet and Ornidazole Tablets

·        Ciprofloxacin + Phenazopyridine

·        Amoxycillin + Dicloxacillin + Serratiopeptidase

·        Azithromycin + Cefpodoxime

·        Lignocaine + Clotrimazole + Ofloxacin + Beclomethasone

·        Cefuroxime + Linezolid

·        Ofloxacin + Ornidazole + Zinc Bisglycinate

·        Metronidazole + Norfloxacin

·        Amoxicillin + Bromhexine

·        Ciprofloxacin + Fluticasone + Clotrimazole + Neomycin

·        Metronidazole + Tetracycline

·        Cephalexin + Neomycin + Prednisolone

·        Azithromycin + Ambroxol

·        Cilnidipine + Metoprolol Succinate + Metoprolol Tartrate

·        L-Arginine + Sildenafil

·        Atorvastatin + Vitamin D3 + Folic Acid + Vitamin B12 + Pyridoxine

·        Metformin + Atorvastatin

·        Clindamycin + Telmisartan

·        Olmesartan + Hydrochlorothiazide + Chlorthalidone

·        L-5-Methyltetrahydrofolate Calcium + Escitalopram i

·        Pholcodine + Promethazine

·        Paracetamol + Promethazine

·        Betahistine + Ginkgo Biloba Extract + Vinpocetine + Piracetam\ Cetirizine + Diethyl Carbamazine

·        Doxylamine + Pyridoxine + Mefenamic Acid + Paracetamol

·        Drotaverine + Clidinium + Chlordiazepoxide

·        Imipramine + Diazepam

·        Flupentixol + Escitalopram

·        Paracetamol + Prochlorperazine

·        Gabapentin + Mecobalamin + Pyridoxine + Thiamine

·        Imipramine + Chlordiazepoxide + Trifluoperazine + Trihexyphenidyl

·        Chlorpromazine + Trihexyphenidyl

·        Ursodeoxycholic Acid + Silymarin

·        Metformin 1000/1000/500/500 mg + Pioglitazone 7.5/7.5/7.5/7.5mg + Glimepiride 1/2/1/2 mg

·        Gliclazide 80 mg + Metformin 325 mg

·        Voglibose+ Metformin + Chromium Picolinate

·        Pioglitazone 7.5/7.5mg + Metformin 500/1000mg

·        Glimepiride 1mg/2mg/3mg + Pioglitazone 15mg/15mg/15mg + Metformin 1000mg/1000mg/1000mg

·        Glimepiride 1 mg/2mg+ Pioglitazone 15mg/15mg + Metformin 850mg/850mg

·        Metformin 850mg + Pioglitazone 7.5 mg + Glimepiride 2 mg

·        Metformin 850mg + Pioglitazone 7.5 mg + Glimepiride 1 mg

·        Metformin 500mg/500mg+Gliclazide SR 30mg/60 mg + Pioglitazone 7.5mg/7.5mg

·        Voglibose + Pioglitazone + Metformin

·        Metformin + Bromocriptine

·        Metformin + Glimepiride + Methylcobalamin

·        Pioglitazone 30 mg + Metformin 500 mg

·        Glimepiride + Pioglitazone + Metformin

·        Glipizide 2.5mg + Metformin 400 mg

·        Pioglitazone 15mg + Metformin 850 mg

·        Metformin ER + Gliclazide MR + Voglibose

·        Chromium Polynicotinate + Metformin

·        Metformin + Gliclazide + Pioglitazone + Chromium Polynicotinate

·        Metformin + Gliclazide + Chromium Polynicotinate

·        Glibenclamide + Metformin (SR)+ Pioglitazone

·        Metformin (Sustained Release) 500mg + Pioglitazone 15 mg + Glimepiride 3mg

·        Metformin (SR) 500mg + Pioglitazone 5mg

·        Chloramphenicol + Beclomethasone + Clotrimazole + Lignocaine

·        Clotrimazole + Ofloxacin + Lignocaine + Glycerine and Propylene Glycol

·        Chloramphenicol + Lignocaine + Betamethasone + Clotrimazole + Ofloxacin + Antipyrine

·        Ofloxacin + Clotrimazole + Betamethasone + Lignocaine

·        Gentamicin Sulphate + Clotrimazole + Betamethasone + Lignocaine

·        Clotrimazole + Beclomethasone + Ofloxacin + Lignocaine

·        Beclomethasone + Clotrimazole + Chloramphenicol + Gentamycin + Lignocaine Ear drops

·        Flunarizine + Paracetamol + Domperidone

·        Rabeprazole + Zinc Carnosine

·        Magaldrate + Famotidine + Simethicone

·        Cyproheptadine + Thiamine

·        Magaldrate + Ranitidine + Pancreatin + Domperidone

·        Ranitidine + Magaldrate + Simethicone

·        Magaldrate + Papain + Fungal Diastase + Simethicone

·        Rabeprazole + Zinc + Domperidone

·        Famotidine + Oxetacaine + Magaldrate

·        Ranitidine + Domperidone + Simethicone

·        Alginic Acid + Sodium Bicarbonate + Dried Aluminium Hydroxide + Magnesium Hydroxide

·        Clidinium + Paracetamol + Dicyclomine + Activated Dimethicone

·        Furazolidone + Metronidazole + Loperamide

·        Rabeprazole + Diclofenac + Paracetamol

·        Ranitidine + Magaldrate

·        Norfloxacin + Metronidazole + Zinc Acetate

·        Zinc Carnosine + Oxetacaine

·        Oxetacaine + Magaldrate + Famotidine

·        Pantoprazole (as Enteric Coated Tablet) + Zinc Carnosine (as Film Coated Tablets)

·        Zinc Carnosine + Magnesium Hydroxide + Dried Aluminium Hydroxide + Simethicone

·        Zinc Carnosine + Sucralfate

·        Mebeverine and Inner HPMC capsule (Streptococcus Faecalis + Clostridium butyricum + Bacillus mesentericus + Lactic Acid Bacillus)

·        Clindamycin + Clotrimazole + Lactic Acid Bacillus

·        Sildenafil + Estradiol Valerate

·        Clomiphene Citrate + Ubidecarenone + Zinc + Folic Acid + Methylcobalamin + Pyridoxine + Lycopene + Selenium + Levocarnitine Tartrate + L-Arginine

·        Thyroxine + Pyridoxine + Folic Acid

·        Gentamycin + Dexamethasone + Chloramphenicol + Tobramycin + Ofloxacin

·        Dextromethorphan + Levocetirizine + Phenylephrine + Zinc

·        Nimesulide + Loratadine + Phenylephrine + Ambroxol

·        Bromhexine + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate

·        Dextromethorphan + Bromhexine + Guaiphenesin

·        Paracetamol + Loratadine + Phenylephrine + Dextromethorphan + Caffeine

·        Nimesulide + Phenylephrine + Caffeine + Levocetirizine

·        Azithromycin + Acebrophylline

·        Diphenhydramine + Terpene + Ammonium Chloride + Sodium Chloride + Menthol

·        Nimesulide + Paracetamol + Cetirizine + Phenylephrine

·        Paracetamol + Loratadine + Dextromethorphan + Pseudoephedrine + Caffeine

·        Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Dextromethorphan + Dextromethorphan + Guaiphenesin + Ammonium Chloride + Menthol

·        Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Ammonium Chloride + Sodium Citrate

·        Cetirizine + Phenylephrine + Paracetamol + Zinc Gluconate

·        Ambroxol + Guaiphenesin + Ammonium Chloride + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Menthol

·        Dextromethorphan + Bromhexine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Guaiphenesin

·        Levocetirizine + Ambroxol + Phenylephrine + Guaiphenesin

·        Dextromethorphan + Chlorpheniramine + Chlorpheniramine Maleate

·        Cetirizine + Ambroxol + Guaiphenesin + Ammonium Chloride + Phenylephrine + Menthol

·        Chlorpheniramine + Phenylephrine + Caffeine

·        Dextromethorphan + Triprolidine + Phenylephrine

·        Terpin Hydrate + Dextromethorphan + Menthol

·        Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Zinc Gluconate + Menthol

·        Chlorpheniramine + Codeine + Sodium Citrate + Menthol Syrup

·        Enrofloxacin + Bromhexine

·        Bromhexine + Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Menthol

·        Levofloxacin + Bromhexine

·        Levocetirizine + Ranitidine

·        Levocetirizine + Phenylephrine + Ambroxol + Guaiphenesin + Paracetamol

·        Cetirizine + Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Zinc Gluconate + Paracetamol + Menthol

·        Paracetamol + Pseudoephedrine + Dextromethorphan + Cetirizine

·        Diphenhydramine + Guaiphenesin + Ammonium Chloride + Bromhexine

·        Chlorpheniramine + Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Paracetamol

·        Dextromethorphan + Promethazine

·        Diethylcarbamazine Citrate + Cetirizine + Guaiphenesin

·        Pseudoephedrine + Dextromethorphan + Cetirizine

·        Chlorpheniramine + Phenylephrine + Dextromethorphan + Menthol

·        Ambroxol + Terbutaline + Dextromethorphan

·        Dextromethorphan + Chlorpheniramine + Guaiphenesin

·        Terbutaline + Bromhexine + Guaiphenesin + Dextromethorphan

·        Dextromethorphan + Triprolidine + Phenylephrine

·        Paracetamol + Dextromethorphan + Chlorpheniramine

·        Pholcodine + Phenylephrine + Promethazine

·        Codeine + Levocetirizine + Menthol

·        Dextromethorphan + Ambroxol + Guaifenesin + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine

·        Cetirizine + Phenylephrine + Dextromethorphan + Menthol

·        Roxithromycin + Serratiopeptidase

·        Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Triprolidine

·        Acetaminophen + Loratadine + Ambroxol + Phenylephrine

·        Cetirizine + Acetaminophen + Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Zinc Gluconate

·        Diphenhydramine + Guaifenesin + Bromhexine + Ammonium Chloride + Menthol Chlorpheniramine Maleate + Codeine Syrup

·        Cetirizine + Dextromethorphan + Zinc Gluconate + Menthol

·        Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Desloratadine + Zinc Gluconate + Ambroxol

·        Levocetirizine + Montelukast + Acebrophylline

·        Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Ammonium Chloride + Menthol

·        Dextromethorphan + Bromhexine + Guaiphenesin + Menthol

·        Acrivastine + Paracetamol + Caffeine + Phenylephrine

·        Naphazoline + Carboxymethyl Cellulose + Menthol + Camphor + Phenylephrine

·        Dextromethorphan + Cetirizine

·        Nimesulide + Paracetamol + Levocetirizine + Phenylephrine + Caffeine

·        Terbutaline + Ambroxol + Guaiphenesin + Zinc + Menthol

·        Codeine + Chlorpheniramine + Alcohol Syrup

·        Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Guaifenesin + Triprolidine

·        Ammonium Chloride + Bromhexine + Dextromethorphan

·        Diethylcarbamazine + Cetirizine + Ambroxol

·        Ethyl morphine + Noscapine + Chlorpheniramine

·        Cetirizine + Dextromethorphan + Ambroxol

·        Bromhexine + Dextromethorphan + Ammonium Chloride + Menthol

·        Ambroxol + Guaifenesin + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine

·        Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine + Zinc Gluconate

·        Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Cetirizine + Paracetamol + Caffeine

·        Dextromethorphan + Chlorpheniramine + Guaifenesin + Ammonium Chloride

·        Levocetirizine + Dextromethorphan + Zinc

·        Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Levocetirizine + Caffeine

·        Chlorpheniramine + Ammonium Chloride + Sodium Chloride

·        Paracetamol + Dextromethorphan + Bromhexine + Phenylephrine + Diphenhydramine

·        Salbutamol + Bromhexine + Guaiphenesin + Menthol

·        Chlorpheniramine + Ammonium Chloride + Noscapine + Sodium Citrate

·        Cetirizine + Dextromethorphan + Bromhexine + Guaifenesin

·        Diethylcarbamazine + Chlorpheniramine + Guaifenesin

·        Ketotifen + Cetirizine

·        Terbutaline + Bromhexine + Etophylline

·        Ketotifen + Theophylline

·        Ambroxol + Salbutamol + Theophylline

·        Cetirizine + Nimesulide + Phenylephrine

·        Chlorpheniramine + Phenylephrine + Paracetamol + Zinc Gluconate

·        Acetaminophen + Guaifenesin + Dextromethorphan + Chlorpheniramine

·        Cetirizine + Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Tulsi

·        Cetirizine + Phenylephrine + Paracetamol + Ambroxol + Caffeine

·        Guaifenesin + Dextromethorphan

·        Levocetirizine + Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Caffeine

·        Caffeine + Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine

·        Ketotifen + Levocetirizine

·        Paracetamol + Levocetirizine + Phenylephrine + Zinc Gluconate

·        Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Triprolidine + Caffeine

·        Caffeine + Paracetamol + Phenylephrine + Cetirizine

·        Caffeine + Paracetamol + Chlorpheniramine

·        Ammonium Chloride + Dextromethorphan + Cetirizine + Menthol

·        Dextromethorphan + Paracetamol + Cetirizine + Phenylephrine

·        Chlorpheniramine + Terpin + Antimony Potassium Tartrate + Ammonium Chloride + Sodium Citrate + Menthol

·        Terbutaline + Etofylline + Ambroxol

·        Paracetamol + Codeine + Chlorpheniramine

·        Paracetamol + Pseudoephedrine + Cetirizine + Caffeine

·        Chlorpheniramine+Ammonium Chloride + Menthol

·        N-Acetylcysteine + Ambroxol + Phenylephrine + Levocetirizine

·        Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Triprolidine + Menthol

·        Salbutamol + Cetirizine + Ambroxol

·        Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Bromhexine + Guaifenesin + Chlorpheniramine

·        Nimesulide + Cetirizine + Phenylephrine

·        Naphazoline + Chlorpheniramine + Zinc Sulphate + Boric Acid + Sodium Chloride + Chlorobutanol

·        Paracetamol + Bromhexine + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine + Guaifenesin

·        Salbutamol + Bromhexine

·        Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Guaifenesin + Cetirizine + Acetaminophen

·        Guaifenesin + Bromhexine + Chlorpheniramine + Paracetamol

·        Chlorpheniramine + Ammonium Chloride + Chloroform + Menthol

·        Salbutamol + Choline Theophyllinate + Ambroxol

·        Chlorpheniramine + Codeine Phosphate + Menthol Syrup

·        Pseudoephedrine + Bromhexine

·        Cetirizine + Phenylephrine + Paracetamol + Caffeine + Nimesulide

·        Dextromethorphan + Cetirizine + Guaifenesin + Ammonium Chloride

·        Ambroxol + Salbutamol + Choline Theophyllinate + Menthol

·        Paracetamol + Chlorpheniramine + Ambroxol + Guaifenesin + Phenylephrine

·        Chlorpheniramine + Vasaka + Tolubalsm + Ammonium Chloride + Sodium Citrate + Menthol

·        Bromhexine + Cetrizine + Phenylephrine IP+Guaifenesin + Menthol

·        Dextromethorphan + Ambroxol + Ammonium Chloride + Chlorpheniramine + Menthol

·        Dextromethorphan + Phenylephrine + Cetirizine + Zinc + Menthol

·        Terbutaline + N-Acetyl L-Cysteine + Guaifenesin

·        Calcium Gluconate + Levocetirizine

·        Paracetamol + Levocetirizine + Pseudoephedrine

·        Salbutamol + Choline Theophyllinate + Carbocisteine

·        Chlorpheniramine + Vitamin C

·        Calcium Gluconate + Chlorpheniramine + Vitamin C

·        Chlorpheniramine + Paracetamol + Pseudoephedrine + Caffeine

·        Guaifenesin + Bromhexine + Chlorpheniramine + Phenylephrine + Paracetamol + Serratiopeptidase (as enteric coated granules) 10000 SP Units

·        Paracetamol + Pheniramine

·        Betamethasone + Fusidic Acid + Gentamycin + Tolnaftate + lodochlorhydroxyquinoline (ICHQ)

·        Clobetasol + Ofloxacin + Miconazole + Zinc Sulphate

·        Clobetasole + Gentamicin + Miconazole + Zinc Sulphate

·        Levocetirizine + Ambroxol + Phenylephrine + Paracetamol

·        Permethrin + Cetrimide + Menthol

·        Beclomethasone + Clotrimazole + Neomycin + lodochloro hydroxyquinone Neomycin + Doxycycline

·        Ciprofloxacin + Fluocinolone + Clotrimazole + Neomycin + Chlorocresol

·        Clobetasol + Ofloxacin + Ketoconazole + Zinc Sulphate

·        Betamethasone + Gentamicin + Tolnaftate + lodochlorhydroxyquinoline

·        Clobetasol + Gentamicin + Tolnaftate + lodochlorhydroxyquinone + Ketoconazole

·        Allantoin + Dimethicone + Urea + Propylene + Glycerin + Liquid Paraffin

·        Acriflavine + Thymol + Cetrimide

·        Betamethasone + Neomycin + Tolnaftate + lodochlorohydroxyquinoline + Cholorocresol

·        Clobetasol + Neomycin + Miconazole + Clotrimazole

·        Ketoconazole + Tea Tree oil + Allantoin + Zinc Oxide + Aloe Vera + Jojoba oil + Lavender oil + Soba noodles

·        Clobetasol Propionate + Ofloxacin + Ornidazole + Terbinafine

·        Clobetasol + Neomycin + Miconazole + Zinc Sulphate

·        Beclomethasone Dipropionate + Neomycin + Tolnaftate + lodochlorhydroxyquinoline + Chlorocresol

·        Betamethasone + Gentamycin + Zinc Sulphate + Clotrimazole + Chlorocresol

·        Borax + Boric Acid + Naphazoline + Menthol + Camphor + Methyl Hydroxy Benzoate

·        Bromhexine + Dextromethorphan

·        Dextromethorphan + Chlorpheniramine + Bromhexine

·        Menthol + Anesthetic Ether

·        Dextromethorphan + Chlorpheniramine + Ammonium + Sodium Citrate + Menthol

·        Ergotamine Tartrate + Belladonna Dry Extract+Caffeine + Paracetamol

·        Phenytoin + Phenobarbitone

·        Gliclazide 40mg + Metformin 400mg

·        Paracetamol + Ambroxol + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine

·        Ofloxacin + Ornidazole Suspension

·        Albuterol + Etofylline + Bromhexine + Menthol

·        Albuterol + Bromhexine + Theophylline

·        Salbutamol+Hydroxyethyl Theophylline (Etofylline) + Bromhexine

·        Paracetamol+Phenylephrine+Levocetirizine+Sodium Citrate

·        Paracetamol + Propyphenazone + Caffeine

·        Guaifenesin + Diphenhydramine + Bromhexine + Phenylephrine

·        Dried Aluminum Hydroxide Gel + Propantheline + Diazepam

·        Bromhexine + Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine + Paracetamol

·        Beclomethasone + Clotrimazole + Gentamicin + lodochlorhydroxyquinoline

·        Telmisartan + Metformin

·        Ammonium Citrate + Vitamin B 12 + Folic Acid + Zinc Sulphate

·        Levothyroxine + Pyridoxine + Nicotinamide

·        Benfotiamine + Metformin

·        Thyroid + Thiamine + Riboflavin + Pyridoxine + Calcium Pantothenate + Tocopheryl Acetate + Nicotinamide

·        Ascorbic Acid + Menadione Sodium Bisulfite + Rutin + Dibasic Calcium Phosphate + Adrenochrome mono Semicarbazone

·        Phenylephrine + Chlorpheniramine + Paracetamol + Bromhexine + Caffeine

·        Clotrimazole + Beclomethasone + Lignocaine + Ofloxacin + Acetic Acid + Sodium Methyl Paraben + Propyl Paraben

 

Health Ministry of India finalized that if any drug banned by two or more countries and it is still being marketed in India, they may possibly remove the drug from the Indian market after proper examination or appropriate action will be taken. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare had constituted an Expert Committee under the Chairmanship of Prof. Ranjit Roy Chaudhury to formulate policy and guidelines for approval of new drugs, clinical trials and banning of drugs. The Expert Committee submitted its report to the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. Unacceptably large number of formulations, around 60,000 to 85,000 are banned by the committee.

 

Many of these medicines should not have been allowed to reach the market in the first place. The committee asked to remove drugs which should never have been allowed to reach the market is being marketed. Many of these drugs are inherently unsafe and potentially hazardous. They do not appear in any textbook of medicine or pharmacology; nor do they find a place in the market of any country. Expert Committee also recommended that if the drug is already in the market but two or more countries remove the drug from their market on grounds of efficacy and safety, then the national drug regulatory agency should consider the possibility of removing the drug from the Indian market as well. It has been decided that if two or more countries remove a drug from their market on grounds of efficacy and safety, then the continued marketing of the drug in the country will be considered for examination and appropriate action.

 

CONCLUSION:

Large numbers of drugs are banned by most of European countries but still they are easily available in Indian market. Long term use of such medicines can put negative impact on human health in various ways by damaging liver, kidney or any other organ, depression, blood pressure fluctuations etc. A ban is needed to protect the public’s health and the quality of health care. A ban will require self-examination by the public, health care professions, pharmacist and the health care policy community. As vigilant citizens of this country, we need to keep your eyes and ears open and watch out for the kind of drugs we or our loved ones consume. India and Indians need to wake up before it is too late.

 

 

 

 

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Received on 17.06.2016       Accepted on 30.06.2016     

© Asian Pharma Press All Right Reserved

Asian J. Pharm. Res. 2016; 6(4): 205-216.

DOI: 10.5958/2231-5691.2016.00029.0